CET में Tense के सवाल गलत नहीं होंगे: 12 Tenses, Rules और Common Errors एक साथ समझें

Narendra singh

27 अग॰, 2026

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English Tenses for CET: Rules, Structure, Short Tricks and Common Errors

Tense English Grammar का वह भाग है जो सामान्य रूप से किसी action, event या situation के समय और उसके grammatical aspect को समझने में मदद करता है।

CET और अन्य competitive examinations में Tense से केवल “Present, Past या Future पहचानिए” जैसे प्रश्न नहीं आते। अधिक महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न होते हैं: correct verb form, error detection, fill in the blanks, sentence correction, since-for, sequence of events और contextual usage।

परीक्षा प्रासंगिकता: RSSB की आधिकारिक परीक्षा syllabus सामग्री में English के प्रश्न Sr. Secondary level Grammar तथा paragraph-based understanding के आधार पर रखे गए हैं। इसलिए Tense को केवल formula नहीं, बल्कि sentence usage और error detection के साथ पढ़ना अधिक उपयोगी है।

Tense क्या है?

सरल भाषा में Tense हमें यह समझने में मदद करता है कि कोई काम वर्तमान, भूत या भविष्य से कैसे जुड़ा है और वह काम सामान्य, जारी, पूर्ण या किसी अवधि से जारी स्थिति में है।

Traditional exam grammar में Tenses को सामान्यतः 12 forms में पढ़ाया जाता है।

12 Tenses की पूरी Table

Tense	Basic Structure	Example
Simple Present	Subject + V1/V1+s-es	She reads daily.
Present Continuous	Subject + is/am/are + V-ing	She is reading.
Present Perfect	Subject + has/have + V3	She has finished the work.
Present Perfect Continuous	Subject + has/have been + V-ing	She has been reading for two hours.
Simple Past	Subject + V2	She visited Jaipur.
Past Continuous	Subject + was/were + V-ing	She was reading.
Past Perfect	Subject + had + V3	She had left before I arrived.
Past Perfect Continuous	Subject + had been + V-ing	She had been studying for two hours.
Simple Future	Subject + will + V1	She will come tomorrow.
Future Continuous	Subject + will be + V-ing	She will be travelling tomorrow.
Future Perfect	Subject + will have + V3	She will have completed the work.
Future Perfect Continuous	Subject + will have been + V-ing	She will have been working for five years.

Tenses याद करने की सबसे आसान Trick

Simple → Verb
Continuous → be + ing
Perfect → have + V3
Perfect Continuous → have been + ing

1. Simple Present Tense

Simple Present का प्रयोग habits, routines, repeated actions, general truths और नियमित स्थितियों के लिए किया जाता है।

I/We/You/They + V1
He/She/It/Single Name + V1 + s/es

Examples

I play cricket every Sunday.
She reads the newspaper daily.
The sun rises in the east.
Water boils at 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure.

Common Time Words

always, usually, often, sometimes, generally, every day, daily, regularly, never

Common Error:
He go to school every day. ❌
He goes to school every day. ✅

Do और Does का Rule

Simple Present के negative और interrogative sentences में do/does का उपयोग होता है।

I do not know him.
She does not know him.
Do you play cricket?
Does he work here?

बहुत महत्वपूर्ण:
Does के बाद verb में s/es नहीं लगता।

Does he go? ✅
Does he goes? ❌

2. Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous का प्रयोग सामान्यतः उस action के लिए किया जाता है जो बोलते समय या वर्तमान अवधि के आसपास जारी है।

Subject + is/am/are + V-ing

Examples

I am studying English.
She is preparing for CET.
They are playing football.

Common Indicators

now, right now, at present, currently, at the moment

Stative Verbs का Important Rule

कुछ verbs सामान्यतः continuous form में नहीं लगाए जाते क्योंकि वे action के बजाय state, feeling, possession या mental condition व्यक्त करते हैं।

इनमें सामान्यतः: know, believe, understand, like, love, hate, belong, remember, prefer, need आदि शामिल हो सकते हैं।

I am knowing him. ❌
I know him. ✅

ध्यान रखें कि कुछ stative verbs context बदलने पर continuous form में भी आ सकते हैं। इसलिए केवल verb देखकर नहीं, sentence के अर्थ को देखकर निर्णय करें।

3. Present Perfect Tense

Subject + has/have + V3

Present Perfect ऐसे past action को वर्तमान से जोड़ता है जिसका result या relevance अभी महत्वपूर्ण है।

Examples

I have completed my homework.
She has visited Delhi three times.
They have just arrived.

Has और Have

He/She/It → has
I/We/You/They → have

Common Words

already, just, yet, ever, never, recently, so far

I have seen him yesterday. ❌
I saw him yesterday. ✅

क्योंकि yesterday finished past time बताता है, इसलिए सामान्य exam grammar में Simple Past उपयुक्त होगा।

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Subject + has/have been + V-ing + since/for

इस tense का प्रयोग ऐसे action के लिए किया जाता है जो past में शुरू हुआ और वर्तमान तक जारी है, विशेषकर जब duration पर जोर हो।

Examples

I have been studying for two hours.
She has been living here since 2020.
They have been waiting since morning.

Since और For का Rule

Since	For
Starting Point	Duration
since 2020	for five years
since Monday	for three days
since 8 a.m.	for two hours
since childhood	for a long time

SINCE = कब से?
FOR = कितने समय से?

5. Simple Past Tense

Subject + V2

Simple Past का प्रयोग ऐसे completed action के लिए होता है जो past में हुआ और समाप्त हो चुका है।

Examples

I visited Jaipur yesterday.
She completed the work last night.
They went to school.

Common Time Expressions

yesterday, last week, last year, ago, in 2024

Did का Golden Rule

Did के बाद हमेशा V1 आता है।

Did he went there? ❌
Did he go there? ✅

She did not came. ❌
She did not come. ✅

6. Past Continuous

Subject + was/were + V-ing

Past Continuous past के किसी समय पर जारी action को दर्शाता है।

Examples

I was studying at 8 p.m.
They were playing when it started raining.

When और While

Competitive exams में Past Continuous अक्सर when और while के साथ पूछा जाता है।

I was reading when he called.

While I was reading, he was watching television.

7. Past Perfect Tense

Subject + had + V3

यदि past में दो actions हों और यह स्पष्ट करना हो कि कौन-सा action पहले पूरा हुआ, तो earlier past event के लिए Past Perfect उपयोग किया जा सकता है।

Example

The train had left before we reached the station.

पहला काम → Train left
दूसरा काम → We reached

Earlier Past → had + V3

NCERT के English material में भी past perfect को “earlier past” दिखाने के लिए इसी प्रकार समझाया गया है।

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Subject + had been + V-ing + since/for

यह tense past के किसी दूसरे point से पहले लंबे समय से चल रहे action पर जोर देता है।

Example

He had been working there for five years before he resigned.

9. Simple Future

Subject + will + V1

Examples

I will help you.
She will come tomorrow.
They will attend the meeting.

Will के बाद हमेशा base form / V1 आता है।

Future Time Clause का Important Rule

Future meaning होने के बावजूद if, when, unless, until, as soon as जैसी clauses में सामान्यतः present tense इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।

If he comes, I will help him. ✅
If he will come, I will help him. ❌

NCERT के conditional practice में भी condition clause को present tense और result clause को future tense के साथ दिखाया गया है।

10. Future Continuous

Subject + will be + V-ing

Future के किसी निश्चित समय पर जारी action के लिए इसका प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Example

This time tomorrow, I will be travelling to Jaipur.

11. Future Perfect

Subject + will have + V3

Future के किसी निश्चित समय से पहले action पूरा हो जाएगा, तो Future Perfect उपयोग किया जा सकता है।

Example

By next month, she will have completed the course.

BY + Future Time → Future Perfect पर ध्यान दें

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Subject + will have been + V-ing + for/since

Future के किसी point तक किसी action की duration बताने के लिए इसका उपयोग किया जाता है।

Example

By next June, he will have been working here for ten years.

V1, V2 और V3 क्या हैं?

V1	V2	V3
go	went	gone
write	wrote	written
eat	ate	eaten
see	saw	seen
take	took	taken
come	came	come
do	did	done
speak	spoke	spoken
begin	began	begun
choose	chose	chosen

Tense के 15 Common Errors

Wrong	Correct	Rule
He go to school.	He goes to school.	Third-person singular
Does he goes?	Does he go?	Does + V1
Did she went?	Did she go?	Did + V1
I am knowing him.	I know him.	Stative verb
I have seen him yesterday.	I saw him yesterday.	Finished past time
She has completed it last week.	She completed it last week.	Last week → Simple Past
I am living here since 2020.	I have been living here since 2020.	Past to present duration
He is working for morning.	He has been working since morning.	Since = starting point
He has been here since two hours.	He has been here for two hours.	For = duration
If he will come, I will help.	If he comes, I will help.	Future conditional clause
When I reached, he left already.	When I reached, he had already left.	Earlier past
She will goes.	She will go.	Will + V1
He had went.	He had gone.	Had + V3
She has wrote a letter.	She has written a letter.	Has + V3
I was study.	I was studying.	Was/Were + ing

Sequence of Tenses क्या है?

Sequence of Tenses का अर्थ है sentence या clause में अलग-अलग verbs के समय-संबंध को logically सही रखना।

Example 1

He said that he was tired.

Example 2

When I reached the station, the train had left.

Example 3

If you study hard, you will pass.

Tense पहचानने के Signal Words

Signal Word	Common Tense Clue
every day	Simple Present
now	Present Continuous
already / just / yet	Present Perfect
since / for	Perfect / Perfect Continuous संदर्भ देखें
yesterday	Simple Past
last year	Simple Past
when + past event	Past context
by next year	Future Perfect की संभावना
tomorrow	Future context

Warning: Signal words helpful हैं, लेकिन वे अकेले tense decide नहीं करते। Sentence का पूरा अर्थ पढ़ना जरूरी है।

सबसे महत्वपूर्ण Since–For Examples

since Monday
since 2022
since morning
since childhood
for two hours
for three years
for ten minutes
for a long time

Already, Yet और Just का प्रयोग

Already

She has already completed the work.

Yet

She has not completed the work yet.

Has she completed the work yet?

Just

He has just arrived.

Present Perfect और Simple Past में Difference

Present Perfect	Simple Past
Past action connected with present	Finished past action
I have finished the work.	I finished the work yesterday.
Exact finished time often not stated	Specific past time may be stated

Past Simple और Past Perfect में Difference

दो past actions हों तो chronology पहचानें।

Earlier action → Past Perfect
Later action → Simple Past

The movie had started before we entered the hall.

Subject-Verb Agreement और Tense

Tense questions में subject-verb agreement भी छिपा हो सकता है।

He goes. ✅
They go. ✅
She has completed it. ✅
They have completed it. ✅
He was working. ✅
They were working. ✅

Negative Structures की Quick Table

Tense	Negative Structure
Simple Present	do/does not + V1
Present Continuous	is/am/are not + V-ing
Present Perfect	has/have not + V3
Simple Past	did not + V1
Past Continuous	was/were not + V-ing
Past Perfect	had not + V3
Simple Future	will not + V1

Question Structures की Quick Table

Tense	Question Structure
Simple Present	Do/Does + Subject + V1?
Present Continuous	Is/Am/Are + Subject + V-ing?
Present Perfect	Has/Have + Subject + V3?
Simple Past	Did + Subject + V1?
Past Continuous	Was/Were + Subject + V-ing?
Past Perfect	Had + Subject + V3?
Simple Future	Will + Subject + V1?

CET के लिए 10 Golden Rules

Does के बाद हमेशा V1।
Did के बाद हमेशा V1।
Has/Have/Had के बाद V3।
Continuous tense में be + V-ing।
Will के बाद V1।
Since = starting point।
For = duration।
Yesterday/last year/ago के साथ सामान्यतः Simple Past देखें।
दो past actions में earlier action के लिए Past Perfect की आवश्यकता हो सकती है।
Stative verbs को बिना context समझे continuous में न लगाएँ।

CET Practice: 15 Important MCQ

1. She ___ to school every day.

go
goes
going
gone

Answer: B — goes

2. Look! The children ___ in the park.

play
played
are playing
have played

Answer: C — are playing

3. She ___ her homework already.

finished
has finished
finish
finishing

Answer: B — has finished

4. I ___ here since 2021.

live
am living
have been living
lived

Answer: C — have been living

5. He ___ Jaipur yesterday.

visits
visited
has visited
is visiting

Answer: B — visited

6. I ___ when he called me.

sleep
was sleeping
have slept
will sleep

Answer: B — was sleeping

7. The train ___ before we reached the station.

leaves
left
had left
has left

Answer: C — had left

8. She ___ tomorrow.

will come
will came
will comes
coming

Answer: A — will come

9. He has been studying ___ three hours.

since
for
from
at

Answer: B — for

10. She has lived here ___ 2019.

for
since
during
from

Answer: B — since

11. Did he ___ the letter?

wrote
written
write
writes

Answer: C — write

12. She has ___ a new book.

write
wrote
written
writing

Answer: C — written

13. If he ___ hard, he will pass.

will study
studies
studied
studying

Answer: B — studies

14. By next year, she ___ the course.

completes
will complete
will have completed
completed

Answer: C — will have completed

15. Which sentence is correct?

I am knowing him.
I know him.
I have knowing him.
I knowing him.

Answer: B — I know him.

10 Error Detection Questions

1. He does not goes to school daily.

Correction: goes → go

2. Did you went there yesterday?

Correction: went → go

3. She has completed the work yesterday.

Correction: has completed → completed

4. I am knowing the answer.

Correction: am knowing → know

5. He is living here since five years.

Better form: He has been living here for five years.

6. She had wrote a letter.

Correction: wrote → written

7. He will goes tomorrow.

Correction: goes → go

8. If she will study hard, she will pass.

Correction: will study → studies

9. They was playing cricket.

Correction: was → were

10. She has been studying since two hours.

Correction: since → for

30-Second Revision Table

Simple Present: V1 / V1+s-es

Present Continuous: is/am/are + ing

Present Perfect: has/have + V3

Present Perfect Continuous: has/have been + ing

Simple Past: V2

Past Continuous: was/were + ing

Past Perfect: had + V3

Past Perfect Continuous: had been + ing

Simple Future: will + V1

Future Continuous: will be + ing

Future Perfect: will have + V3

Future Perfect Continuous: will have been + ing

Since: starting point

For: duration

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न

English में कुल कितने Tenses होते हैं?

Competitive grammar में सामान्यतः Present, Past और Future के चार-चार forms को मिलाकर 12 tense forms पढ़ाए जाते हैं।

Simple Present में s/es कब लगता है?

Affirmative Simple Present में third-person singular subject जैसे he, she, it या singular name के साथ सामान्यतः verb में s/es लगता है।

Did के बाद V1 क्यों आता है?

क्योंकि past marking auxiliary “did” में आ चुकी होती है। इसलिए main verb base form में रहता है।

Since और For में क्या अंतर है?

Since किसी starting point को और For किसी duration को बताता है।

Present Perfect और Simple Past में अंतर क्या है?

Simple Past finished past event के लिए सामान्य है, जबकि Present Perfect past event को वर्तमान relevance से जोड़ सकता है।

Past Perfect कब लगाएँ?

दो past events में यदि पहले हुए event को स्पष्ट करना हो, तो उस earlier action के लिए had + V3 का प्रयोग किया जा सकता है।

क्या “know” के साथ continuous tense लगाया जा सकता है?

“Know” सामान्यतः stative verb है और सामान्य अर्थ में continuous में नहीं लगाया जाता। इसलिए “I know him” सामान्य रूप है।

CET में Tense की तैयारी कैसे करें?

केवल 12 structures याद न करें। रोज correct verb form, error detection, since-for, do/does/did, has-have-had, conditional sentences और contextual questions का अभ्यास करें।

निष्कर्ष

English Tenses को सीखने का सबसे प्रभावी तरीका definitions याद करना नहीं, बल्कि चार patterns को समझना है: Simple, Continuous, Perfect और Perfect Continuous।

इसके बाद Present, Past और Future में auxiliary verbs बदलते जाते हैं। अगर आपको V1, V2, V3, s/es, do-does-did, has-have-had, since-for और earlier past के rules साफ हैं, तो tense के अधिकांश competitive questions सरल हो जाते हैं।

CET की तैयारी में सबसे ज्यादा अभ्यास fill in the blanks + error detection + contextual tense selection का करें, क्योंकि grammar की वास्तविक परीक्षा sentence में सही verb चुनने की है।

आधिकारिक एवं विश्वसनीय अध्ययन स्रोत

नोट: यह लेख English grammar learning और competitive examination preparation के उद्देश्य से तैयार किया गया है। CET Graduation 2026 के लिए RSSB द्वारा जारी नवीनतम आधिकारिक syllabus को अंतिम स्रोत मानें।

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Tense Rules in Hindi